Caeleb Dressel, the American seven times Olympic gold medallist gave a short, sharp, blunt and honest answer when asked whether he had confidence that governing bodies had created "a level-playing field".

"No, not really. I don't think they have given us enough evidence to support them with how this case was handled. To answer your question – no," he said.

His views were echoed by Zac Stubblety-Cook, who said said the anti-doping system had failed athletes.

Swimming has been engulfed in a doping row following revelations by German broadcaster ARD and the New York Times in April that 23 Chinese swimmers failed drugs tests ahead of the Tokyo Games in 2021 but were not sanctioned.

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